初心者向けステークオンラインカジノルーレットガイド

About Overview Organization & Management Strategy Open Positions Movie Library Access Research Structure Researchers & Laboratories Research Areas Three Advanced Target Projects Collaboration Achievements Press Releases Media & Award AIMResearch Publications Topics News Seminars & Symposium International Satellites International Partner Institutions Inter-Faculty Exchange Agreements Researcher Exchange Programs Support Support Systems For International Researchers (IAC) For Visitors Researchers for Visitors for Researchers for Enterprise Access AIMR Fund Japanese Press Releases Why Are the Brain's Nerve Cells Organized into Modules? 08/28/2023 Updated 09/20/2023 Scientists have found that the outer cortex of the mammalian brain is able to maintain control over all the external inputs it receives because of how its nerve networks are organized into interconnected but independently functioning ‘modules’. The finding was the result of a unique experimental system that grew neurons, the functional elements of the brain, on microfabricated glass surfaces. Computational models then described the experimental observations. The work, by an international team of researchers led by Hideaki Yamamoto from Tohoku University in Japan and Jordi Soriano from the University of Barcelona in Spain, was published in the journal Science Advances. The cortex is the outer layer of the brain that contains a large number of neurons responsible for functions such as sensory perception, motor control, and higher-order computation. “Neuronal networks, like those in the mammalian cortex, need to be able to segregate inputs from specialised circuits, and to integrate inputs from multiple circuits,” says Yamamoto. But it has not been clear how the cortex is able to support these two very different processing paradigms. To study this, the researchers guided cortical neurons to form a network containing multiple sub-groups, or modules. The lab-grown neurons were engineered to express light-sensitive proteins so they could be stimulated using a specific wavelength of light. The team found that the more well-formed modular networks had large responses to localised light stimulation, while those with less ‘modularity’ responded to all stimulus in an excessively synchronised way. A Schematic illustration of the experimental setup. © F. Paul Spitzne For this effect to happen, the applied light stimulation was delivered to different parts of the network at different times, to mimic the real-life inputs to the cortex from subcortical parts of the brain. However, when the overall excitability of the entire network was raised simultaneously, by increasing potassium concentration across the entire network, this did trigger a synchronous, coordinated activity response across the entirety of the networks. “This balance between locally segregated activity and globally integrated activity is thought to be important for the brain to be able to expand its capacity for information representation with limited resources,” explains Yamamoto. The discovery not only helps understand the interplay between structure and function of the mammalian brain but can also help improve the development of artificial neural networks for use in machine learning research. Publication Details Title: Modular architecture facilitates noise-driven control of synchrony in neuronal networks Authors: Hideaki Yamamoto, F. Paul Spitzner, Taiki Takemuro, Victor Buendía, Hakuba Murota, Carla Morante, Tomohiro Konno, Shigeo Sato, Ayumi Hirano-Iwata, Anna Levina, Viola Priesemann, Miguel A. Muñoz, Johannes Zierenberg, Jordi Soriano Journal: Science Advances DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1755 Contact Hideaki Yamamoto (Profile)Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University E-mail: hideaki.yamamoto.e3&＃64;tohoku.ac.jp Webstie: Hirano laboratorySato-Sakuraba-Yamamoto labolatory Tweet Achievements Press Releases 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Media & Award 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 AIMResearch About AIMResearch Research Highlights 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 In the Spotlight 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Email Alert Sign up Publications Headlines 05/22/2024 Machine Learning Accelerates Discovery o... 05/16/2024 New Data-Driven Model Rapidly Predicts D... 05/15/2024 Researchers Unlock Vital Insights into M... Home Achievements Press Releases 2023 Why Are the Brain's Nerve Cells Organized into Modules? TOHOKU UNIVERSITY World Premier International Research Center Initiative For AIMR Members Link Site map Copyright © 2020 Tohoku University. All Rights Reserved.